Abstract
The educational system is undoubtedly a system of production and could be viewed as a factory that requires men, money, and material resources to aid production. Each factory has its peculiar environment that depicts or suggests the type of production that goes on there.
The purpose of this study was to examine the school environment on the academic performance in public secondary in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State. A sample of two hundred senior secondary school students comprising 88 males and 112 females selected from four schools in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State participated in the study using a Survey research design.
The main data collecting instrument of the study was a Questionnaire on the impact of school environment on student’s academic performance” (QISESAP). The finding of the results reveals that inadequate classroom size influences the academic performance of students in public secondary schools in Ojo. , also school location has influence on academic performance of students in public secondary schools in Ojo School. The study further reveals that the physical environment on academic performance of students in public secondary schools.
It is on this note that the researcher recommended that Government/ proprietors should build more classroom blocks to decongest over-populated classrooms, Ministries of education should intensify efforts to ensure that proprietors/ proprietress adhere to the guidelines on schools’ sites selection to avoid unhealthy environments, Government and school proprietors should ensure the classrooms are well ventilated and all teaching aid are made available for the teachers so as to aid proper teaching and learning, Parents should ensure their children’s school is not too far from the resident and finally, proper arrangement should be put in place so as to make them gets to school as early as possible as all these will enhance better academic performance of the students.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Title i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 3
1.3 Objective of the study 4
1.4 Research Question 5
1.5 Research Hypotheses 5
1.6 Scope of the Study 6
1.7 Limitation of the study 6
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms 6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction 8
2.1 Concept of social media 8
2.2 Social Networking and Nigeria 14
2.3 Influence of Social Media Network on Student Academic Performance 23
2.4 Summary of Literature Review 31
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction 33
3.1 Research Design 33
3.2 Population 33
3.3 Sample Technique 33
3.4 Research Instrument 34
3.5 Validity of the Instrument 34
3.6 Reliability of the Instrument 34
3.7 Method of Data Collection 35
3.8 Method of Data Analysis 35
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
4.0 Introduction 36
4.1 Data Analysis 36
4.2 Test of Hypotheses 37
4.3 Discussion on Findings 40
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES
5.1 Summary 42
5.2 Conclusion 42
5.3 Recommendations 43
5.4 Suggestions for Further Studies 44
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The era of the teacher being a reservoir of knowledge has completed. The world is moving at a jet speed as a result of advances in technology.
Importantly, technology which is known as information and communication can be defined as the handing and processing of information (texts, images, graph, instructions) for use by means of electronic devices (smart phone and network card).
The interment revolution changed the information world with regard to sharing, speed, storage and retrieval of information in whatever form regardless of the person’s address. Through the interment a number of web technologies emerged, and one technology that is making waves with regard to information sharing and communication are the social media networks. The evolution of social media has cut across all facets of society and its positive and negative impacts. Social media (Twitter and Facebook) has transformed and impacted on communication, learning, research and education in general. Among the vast variety of online tools that are available for communication, social networking site (SNS) have become the most modern and attractive tools for connecting people throughout the world (Aghazamani, 2010).
Davis et al (2012), refer to social media technology (SMT) as “web-based and mobile applications that allow individuals and organizations to create, engage, and share new use regenerated or existing content, in digital environments through multi-way communication”.
Through this platform (face book) individuals and organization create profiles, share and exchange information on various activities and interact. An interesting aspect of social media is that, it is not limited to desktop or laptop computers but could be accessed through mobile applications and smartphones making it very accessible and easy to use. Examples of these social medial platform both on the web and mobile application include face book, twitter, YouTube, WhatsApp, instagram, blogs etc.
Communicating through the internet and social networking websites is quite different from communicating in person-to-person situation. When users communicate through this website, they use things like instant message (IM) and chatting as well as status or twitter update to talk to friends and express themselves (Kaitlin, 2010). Kaitlin (2010) further opines that social networking websites also affect the way we receive information and news. The sites open up different portals through which we get information and create more diverse news outlets.
The use of social media (like face book, YouTube, twitter and Whatsapp) by secondary school students today is resulting to mass failure of students in Academic achievement (David, 2014). This is because students these days spend more time chatting with their friends rather than engaging in research or reading their books. A growing number of Nigerian scholars Oluwatoyin (2011) agree that addiction to social media sites have become a distractive technology to student’s academic work in higher education. Among the scholar is Oluwatoyin (2011) who surveyed 1,860 face book users from the Secondary school student and found that 90percent of the students could not get up to cumulative grade point average (CGPA above 3.50 because they has spent a large part of their time on social media than on their home work and study time (which could contribute to higher grade).
Social media plays a variety of roles in Education as highlighted by AQl-Khalifa and Garcia (2013) which include providing a medium to share ideas and options as well as allowing students to build their own communications to collaborate with each other. As stated by Ndaku (2013), students spends a lot of time on social networking sites than in their academic activities and this affect their academic performance.
There have been a lot of debates on various platforms and media as to the impact that social media has on society and specifically, its effect on education. Some of these studies found a drop in student’s grades and academic performance, and lack of time for studies as consequences of social media network participation (Banquil et al, 2009; Kirschner and Karpinski, 2010; Ndaku, 2013). On the other hand, pasek et al. (2006) “ stated that a site-specific culture can both positively and negatively affect the building of social capital and found that facebook usage is not positively associated with lower grades of students and rather face book users scored higher grades” . Kolek and Saunder (2008) did not find any correlation between GPAs of students user and social network participation such as face book. Rather social network sites (SNS) promote interactions among students and teachers (Ahmed & Qazi, 2011). Hence, this study will investigate the impact of social media on student’s academic performance among senior secondary school students in Education District 1 of Lagos state.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The world today is a global market in which the internet is the most important sort of information. Since the advent of social media sites. The academic performance of students is facing a lot distraction and divided attention. The educational system in Nigeria is faced with so many challenges which have certainly brought about a rapidly decline in the quality of education. It is observed that students devote more attention to social media than they do to their studies. Student’s addictiveness to social networks, students’ frequency of exposure to social media network which students are more exposed to facebook and the influence of social media as a medium of interaction between students has been part of the discussion. Instead of students reading their books, they spend their time chatting and making friends via social media and this might definitely have influence on their academic performance because when you do not read, there is no way you can perform well academically. It is a common sight to see a student chatting in sensitive and highly organized places like church, mosque,s and lecture venues. Some are so carried away that even as they are walking along the high way, they keep chatting.
The manufacturing and distribution of equally sophisticated cellular phones has complicated the situation, as students no longer need to visit a cybercafé before they send and receive messages. Attention has been shifted from visible to invisible friends, while important ventures like study and writing might be affected in the process. This phenomenon has become a source of worry to many who believe in knowledge and skill acquisition.
In recent times social media have been a major stay in the minds of students and the world at large thereby causing a lot of drastic measures by students, teachers and even educational administrators at large. It is therefore of great importance to explore some of the trending issues facing students’ academic performance as a result of social media. Students at all levels of learning now have divided attention to studies, as a result of available opportunities to be harnessed from social media. Whether these opportunities promote studies is a question that needs to be answered. Thus, the problem this study investigates is the influence of social media networks on the academic performance of students in senior secondary school in Lagos state.
1.3 Objective of the study
The purpose of this study generally is to examine the influence of Social Media on the Academic Performance of students in Lagos state secondary schools.
Specifically, the study seeks;
- To investigate how social media can serve as a remedy
- To ascertain how the use of social media is affecting the students’ study habit
- To investigate the extent to which social media affect student academic performance in
Lagos state secondary school.
- To find out why student need social media
- To examine the impact of social media on the academic performance of student in Lagos Sate secondary school.
1.4 Research Question
- Is there any significant relationship between social media and students academic performance in english language
- Is there gender difference in students using social media network
- How has the use of social media influence the academic performance of Students in Lagos State?
- What is the extent of time English students must invest into use of social media
- Does social media network that the student are more expose to influence their academic performance?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
The following hypotheses are generated by the researcher and was tested in this study:
- There is no significant relationship between social media and students academic performance in english language
- There is no gender difference in students using social media network
- There is no social media influence the academic performance of Students in Lagos State?
- There is no extent of time English students must invest into use of social media
- There is no social media network that the student are more expose to influence their academic performance?
1.6 Scope of the Study
The focus of this research work is to primarily study the Influence of social media on the academic performance of students. The study will comprise students in secondary school in Lagos state.
1.7 Limitation of the study
The study is primary concern with the impact of social media on student’s academic performance among senior secondary school in Lagos state.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
As words may mean differently in different contexts, the following definitions are given as the words used as intended to be understood for the purpose of th is study.
Social Media: They are forms of electronic communication which facilitate interactive base on certain interests. Social media include web and mobile technology
Social Networking Sites: A website where people put information about them and can send to others.
Social Networking: The use of internet to make information about yourself available to other people especially people you share an interest with to send messages to them.
Media: Are all those media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience by mass communication. “They are messages communicated through a mass medium to a number of people
Academic: It is concerned with Studying from books as opposed by a practical work.
Someone who is Studying at a University or School. Someone who is very interested in a particular subject.
Computer: A computer is a machine that receives or stores or process data quickly according to a stored program.
Tweets: A short message posted on Twitter (a micro blog).
ICT: Information and Communication Technology.
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